African American Cultural History

These techniques spread with the migration of Bantu-speaking peoples end-to-end the first millenniums B.C. and A.D. Bantu-speakers eventually populated a region extending from the Benue-Niger coming together and the mouth of the Tana River in the north to the southern extreme of the continent, excepting areas in the southern zone, facing the Atlantic (which were populated by the San and the Khoikhoi peoples). The earliest known kingdoms in the regions south of the Sahara quickly became predominant end-to-end much of the middle part of the continent. One of the strongest of these states was Ghana, which was in mercenary contact with the Islamic centers of the Mediterranean world through the Sahara. As a result of this contact, Islam spread into the region and the successor states to Ghana's prepotency usually had Muslim rulers. This situation was repeated in eastern Africa, whose inhabitants were in close contact with the Muslim Arab states (Bennett, 1984, pp. 6-10).

States in the to a greater extent central parts of the continent evolved without such contact with the Muslim states to the north. The Lwo-speaking people of Bunyoro and Buganda, located just north of Lake Victoria, evolved into centralized semi-feudal states. Buganda was change integrity into counties, each administered by an ordained who was at the head of a hierarchy which extended down to the village chiefs. Each official in this hierarchy was person

Peretti, B. W. (1992). The cosmea of Jazz; Music, Race, and Culture in Urban America. Urbana: University of Chicago Press.

Jordan, J. (1986). The punishing Miracle of Black Poetry in America or Something standardized a Sonnet for Phillis Wheatley. The Massachusetts Review, 27: 252-62.

It was inevitable that Europeans develop seizing African territories as colonies. The commercial encroachment changed in the Nineteenth Century as the Industrial Revolution drastically widened the technological gap between Europe and Africa. The rampant nationalism of that period led European powers compete with each other through colonial expansion. All of the major powers controlled colonies in Africa by the end of the century as symbols of national prestige. Few of these colonies provided either material resources of value for the European powers and the cost of maintaining them often exceeded each financial benefit gained from them. The treatment of native populations varied, but more or less of the colonizers at least tried to Europeanize the more inner(a) stratas of the native populations. It was not uncommon for a few Africans to be provided with European educations, either in Europe or in their native countries (Bohannan & Curtin, 1988, pp. 333-49).

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