AIDS in World History

The epidemic of human immuno inadequacy (human immunodeficiency virus) virus causing acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( help) has transformed planetary history involving the emergence of social norms and stereotypes against Black races, homosexuals, and countries plagued by the unhealthiness (e.g. Africa, Thailand, etc.).Historically, the first convincing evidence of HIV virus and developed disease process of back up was found in the blood of an unknown quantity man from Kinshasa, Africa in 1959 (Iliffe, 2007 p.311). Eventually, the transmission system reached the Western Nations initially in Los Angeles somewhat June 1981 wherein a r ar pulmonary Pneumocystis carinii was found infecting six cuttings with blood-borne HIV precedent (Feigal, Levine and Biggar, 2000 p.1).By mid-1982, slightly 450 cases of HIV had been identified by CDC, and by the end of the year, an estimated case increase of 300 or more was received by the like organization (Finkel, 2007 p.89). The dism antlet marked the first AIDS epidemic creating a spheric disfigurement against races, demographics, countries and gender associated with the disease epidemiology (Parker and Aggleton, 2003).From 1982 to 1985, AIDS and HIV monitor institutions were able to file an approximate 16,000 cases of HIV, speckle death toll caused by the disease had reached 8,100 for 1985 alone (Finkel, 2007 p.89). By the end of 2002, UNAIDS reported 42 jillion people with AIDS worldwide, while 25 million had already died of the transmitting (Porth, 2005 p.427).Due to the increasing number of infected population, AIDS had reshaped the world history by influencing the worlds views on countries, nations, and people responsible for the spread of the disease across the globe.I. Discussiona. Epidemiology and its International ImpactAIDS epidemic has kept on growing in its exponential function rates since its marked discovery in June, 1981. In coupled States, AIDS epidemic rose from the 1985 Centers for Dise ase Control (CDC) records of 5,600 to 82,764 in 1989, 816,000 by the end of 2000, and UNAIDS records of 3.5 million by the end of 2002 (Porth, 2005 p.428 Patterson, 2005 p.179).In an international perspective, planetary AIDS prevalence among adults from 15 to 49 years old has increased from well-nigh 8.5 million in 1990 to 38.6 million in 2005, while African AIDS prevalence trend among the similar demographics has increased as well from 1.3 million in 1985 to 25 million as of 2005 (UNAIDS, 2006).According to Steinbrook (2004), there are guild countries that generate the most number of HIV-infected demographics, and eight of these are from sub-Saharan Africa totaling to approximately 12 million individuals with AIDS. The landed estate and race of African people obtain been severely affected by the global stereotypes and trauma against AIDS.According to Iliffe (2007), convincing hound of HIV-1 transmission has been detected in chimpanzees exclusive to the region of Kinshasa, whil e the tenner subtypes of HIV-1 have been found in an early epidemic only indoors the equatorial Africa, which consequently suggests the viral origin of AIDS (p.311).The increasing international discoloration over sub-Saharan Africa has affected the global ethnicities of blacks, African American and African immigrants in every part of the world (Steinbrook, 2004).According to the review information of Valdiserri (2002), race and ethnic groups associated with the groups dramatically affected by AIDS infection have experienced negative attitudes, prejudice, judgment and discrimination from the social public.b. worldwide Trend of AIDS EpidemicThe complex hallmark of AIDS in piece History involves the rising trend of social stigma against AIDS epidemic and demographics associated with the disease epidemiology (Steinbrook, 2004).According to the review study of Valdiserri (2002), series of national interviews from 1990s to 2000 reveals that the 1 out of 5 individuals living in the s tudy sample (n=5,600 American adults) possess negative attitudes against races associated and patient roles with AIDS.According to Perloff (2001), the increasing trend of AIDS epidemic triggered versatile social prejudice and negative attitudes against various groups of individuals across the world. In mainland southern Africa, women and children who obtained HIV becomes the social projection of rejection, prejudice and discrimination brought by the global stigma towards AIDS (Brown, Macintyre and Trujilo, 2003).In United States, African American or Blacks have been viewed negatively after the American public harbor more stigmatizing attitudes from sub-Saharas reported HIV infection, while in Thailand, social hostility towards prostitutes (e.g. police harassment, discrimination, etc.) are increasing consistently (Perloff, 2001 p.130).According to Armstrong-Dailey and Zarbock (2001), the common impact of AIDS stigma on a global perspective is the development of social proscription among families or patients who contracted with AIDS (p.119).According to the study of Sudha, Vijay and Lakshmi (2005), 51.13% of the sample (n=800) felt the contract to publicly denounce the names of AIDS patients for the public to avoid them, while 73.75% of the families interviewed prefer to keep AIDS condition among family relatives only.Discrimination brought by the public and even medical practitioners becomes the by-product of the worldwide stigma stimulated by the exponential growth rate of AIDS (Perloff, 2001 p.130).c. Impact of AIDS in succeeding(a) GenerationWith the continuous rising trend of AIDS population worldwide, social stigma of the general public against the race, demographics and individuals associated with the disease epidemiology is likely to increase causing global negative attitudes, fear and prejudice against their population (Armstrong-Dailey and Zarbock, 2001 p.119).Contrary to the above predictions, the study of Blower, Schwartz and mill (2003), public stigma against AIDS patient may reduce depending on the increasing health awareness of the public regarding HIV prevention and patient management.Meanwhile, Piot, Bartos and Ghys et al. (2001) have predicted that the immediate future implications of AIDS epidemic in utmost stakes countries (e.g. South Africa, Thailand, U.S, etc.) are (a) the increase in medical expenditures of the country (e.g. predicted 45% in South Africa, etc.), (b) decreased of manners expectancy (e.g. 59 y/o down to 45 y/o by 2005 in South Africa, etc.), and (c) reduced economic efficiency of the countrys economy.II. ConclusionFrom the localized outbreak of 1981 to the massive infection of 21st century, AIDS has dramatically affected the global trend of social perceptions and health care repayable to the global stigma caused by the exponential increases of AIDS epidemic.AIDS patients in globally known epidemic countries, such as South Africa, India, United States, Thailand, are predicted to suffer social os tracism wherein patients may fail to publicly hear AIDS medical treatment due to their fears of discrimination, persecution and inferior treatment.According to presented studies, the global do of AIDS epidemic may increase the countries allocations for medical expenditures, and decrease the life expectancy of the general population.III. ReferencesArmstrong-Dailey, A., & Zarbock, S. F. (2001). Hospice Care for Children. mod York, London Oxford University Press US.Blower, S., Schwartz, E. J., & Mills, J. 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